Influence of Water-Physical Properties of the Soil on the Root System of Cotton at Drop Irrigation

Abstract

The article presents the results of scientific research on selection of regionalized, new and promising varieties of cotton suitable for drip irrigation (DS) root system and their resource-saving maintenance technology in the conditions of old irrigated typical gray soils of Tashkent region. Cotton S-6524 (control), S6570, S-8298, Porloq-4 and Surkhan-104 varieties were compared in TS and under irrigation. During the season, cotton development, soil and irrigation observations were used to obtain information on the quality of cotton. In the researches, cotton cultivars were irrigated in two different moisture regimes 65-70-65 and 70-75-65% relative to the limited field moisture capacity of the soil (ChDNS). The average thickness of plants in the field was 90-95 thousand bushes per hectare. Cotton was irrigated 11 times in the 1st order, with an average of 303- 388 m3/ha, and 13 times in the 2nd relatively high order, with an average of 270-380 m3/ha, during the season, a total of 3840 and 4117 m3/ha of water was used proportionally. In this case, it was found that the water consumption was 35% and 38% higher in the irrigated control with an average total of 5950 m3/ha or 35% and 38% more water compared to the options irrigated regularly through TS. Among the varieties tested, S-8298 cotton was the most productive, and the least 146.9 m3 of water was used to grow 1 ts of cotton under direct irrigation, and 37.1 t/ha yield was achieved. Compared to ChDNS, a higher yield was obtained from the S-8298 variety in the case of soil moisture content of 65-70-65% in TS, or relatively little 89.9 m3 of water was used to grow 1 ts of crop, and a yield of 39.1 ts/ha was obtained, irrigation method 70 In the 75-65% variant, 95.6 m3 of water was used to grow 1 t of cotton, and the highest yield was 43.5 t/ha.