Determining the Prevalence of Self-Medication with Antibiotics in General Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a burgeoning global threat exacerbated by the widespread practice of self-medication with antibiotics. This study explores the prevalence and determinants of such self-medication among the general population. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving participants selected through stratified random sampling to represent a range of demographic and socio-economic backgrounds. Data was collected using a comprehensive questionnaire designed to gauge demographics, self-medication behaviors, sources of antibiotics, and awareness of antibiotic use and resistance. Results: The study found that 44.4% of respondents have engaged in self-medication with antibiotics. A significant trend towards self-medication was noted among younger, highly educated individuals, with minor ailments and accessibility to leftover medications being the most cited reasons for self-medication. Knowledge and awareness of antibiotic use were found to be inversely proportional to the prevalence of self-medication. Conclusion: The practice of self-medicating with antibiotics is alarmingly common and is influenced by demographic factors, with young, educated individuals at the forefront of this behavior. There exists a disparity between self-perceived knowledge about antibiotics and actual medication practices. Comprehensive public health strategies are needed to educate the public on the proper use of antibiotics and to regulate their availability, aiming to curb the development of antibiotic resistance.