Fauna of Phytonematodes in Soils With Different Levels of Salinity

Abstract

In this article, it was determined that phytonematodes differ in species diversity and quantity in different soil types, which depends on the chemical composition of the soil and the level of humus. It was observed that phytonematodes differ in ecological and trophic composition in the studied soils. Saprophages formed the biocenotic complex of nematodes in humus soils. As a result of studying the fauna of phytonematodes in irrigated gray-meadow soils with varying degrees of salinity, the composition of their species and ecologicaltrophic groups depends on soil types, its chemical composition of humus and salinity. A comparative analysis of the qualitative and quantitative indicators of phytonematodes in soils with different levels of salinity revealed that phytonematodes are not uniformly distributed in the soils. Depending on the level of salinity, the number of nematodes changed as follows. In weakly saline soils, nematodes are widespread in the upper layers of the soil, and phytohelminths, specialized from ecological groups, are the majority. As a result of penetration into the deep layers of the soil, the number of nematodes has decreased significantly. In moderately saline soils, nematodes are widely distributed in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers. The species and numbers of nematodes are less common in highly saline soils. With increasing soil salinity, the total number of phytonematodes decreased.